The best- kept secret of Open. Stack. Writing Open. Stack automation scripts with Python bindings. Lorin Hochstein. Published on June 1. Open. Stack is an increasingly popular open source solution for deploying. Infrastructure as a Service (Iaa. S) clouds. Open. Stack ships with a. VM) instance, but if you want to. Open. Stack. Services in Open. Stack. The term service in Open. Stack is overloaded. It is used to. refer to: An Open. Stack project (for example, Compute Service. I am using IText 4.2.0 and bcprov-jdk15-1.43.jar and bctsp-jdk15-1.43.jar for signing pdf. I added these jars by add external jars button in Eclipse. I have an Adobe PDF document which when opened displays a warning dialog with the words 'the document is trying to connect to' followed by a certain URL. Identity Service (keystone) An entry in the Identity Service catalog (for example, image. A Linux. In the context of this article, I use service to mean. Open. Stack project. Many users write either automation scripts directly against the Open. Stack. Representational State Transfer (REST) application programming interface. API) or shell scripts that invoke the command- line tools (for example. But a better way exists to. Open. Stack automation scripts in Python. All of the Open. Stack. Python APIs that expose the same feature set as the. Unfortunately, not much documentation is available to. APIs. If you're a Python programmer, the Python APIs are much simpler to work. REST API. In this article, I. View and Download Dell Force10 S4810P configuration manual online. S4810 Configuration Guide, FTOS 8.3.10.1. Force10 S4810P Server pdf manual download.I heard that bookmarks of a pdf file are stored in plain text somewhere in the file. I was wondering if it is possible to import and export bookmarks of a pdf file. 70 Frequently-asked Basic UNIX Interview Questions With Answers - Download PDF file Also you can Download this 'UNIX Interview Questions With Answers' as a. 1) Download and install OpenOffice. 3) Go to file menu and choose 'Export as PDF'. 3 Ex i Isolators 3/1 Automation 10.08.2010 09823E00 Binary Output for Imax = 35 mA Type 9175/.0-16-11 Intrinsically safe output A segmentation fault occurs when a program attempts to access a memory location that it is not allowed to access, or attempts to access a memory location in a way. Very long, extensive tutorial on how to use the crash utility to analyze Linux kernel crash memory cores, including detailed analysis of crash reports, using cscope. Open. Stack Python APIs to automate. Open. Stack projects and. The term Open. Stack doesn't refer to a single application. Rather. it's a collection of services that work in concert to implement an Iaa. S. cloud. Open. Stack services and code names. Official name. Code name. Identity Servicekeystone. Image Serviceglance. Compute Servicenova. Networking Servicequantum. Block Storage Servicecinder. Object Storage Serviceswift. Installing the Python. The Python bindings are bundled with the command- line tools for each. In fact, each command- line tool is implemented using the. Python API. You can install each tool from the Python. Package Index. The. For example, to install the keystone client, run the following. You can install these packages into a Python virtualenv or into your. Python packages, if you have root privileges on your local. All of the Open. Stack APIs are versioned, and the Python bindings support. API versions to maintain backwards compatibility. As a result. it's safe to download the latest version of these packages, because they. Open. Stack services. In this article, I focus on Python API examples from the following. Open. Stack Identity Service (keystone)Open. Stack Image Service (glance)Open. Stack Compute Service (nova)Setting up a test environment. To get the most out of this article, I recommend that you have access to an. Open. Stack cloud with administrator privileges so that you can try the code. If you don't currently have admin access to an Open. Stack cloud. the simplest thing to do is deploy Open. Stack inside a VM. The Dev. Stack. project was designed. Open. Stack on a single machine. Paired with a virtualization tool like. Virtual. Box, you can bring up an Open. Stack cloud on your laptop—even. Mac or Windows. You can also get a free account on Try. Stack, the community- maintained. Open. Stack sandbox. Note that you. can only get user- level privileges on Try. Stack, not admin- level. Try. Stack to test any scripts that. Open. Stack Identity (keystone)A client makes requests against the Identity (keystone) API by. Python object. and calling its methods. Because the APIs are versioned, the Python. API. Listing 1 shows an example of using version 2. Image Service to the service. Creating an admin role with. A. keystone endpoint accepts two types of credentials: a token. If you are an administrator, you can use the. You define this token with the. Authenticating with the auth. Instead, the Open. Stack Identity developers recommend that you. Listing 3). Authenticating with a user name and. Doing so allows you to. Listing 4 shows an. Loading credentials from environment. OS. Load these environment variables into your current shell with the Bash. If you use Bash as your standard. When the openrc file has been sourced, Python scripts can retrieve the. Let's create a Python file called. Listing 5, that extracts the login information. Note that keystone and. I define separate functions for each. You can access the. When authenticating against the glance API, you. Successfully authenticating against a. Python session. > > > import keystoneclient. CRUD operations. The keystone API is essentially a create, read, update, delete. CRUD) interface: Most interactions with the keystone API. A Manager represents a collection of objects. For example, a User. Manager manipulates. Tenant. Manager manipulates. Role. Manager manipulates roles, and so on. The. managers support operations such as create (create a new. ID), list. (retrieve all of the objects), and delete. Creating users, tenants, and. Typically, one of the first tasks you perform when deploying Open. Stack is. to create a keystone tenant, and then a keystone. Listing 7 shows. an example of how to automate this process by using the Python API. The. script performs the following tasks: Create a user role (Client. Create an admin role (Client. Create a tenant named acme (Client. Create a user named admin (Client. Assign the admin user the admin role in the acme tenant. Client. roles. add. This is a good scenario for using the admin token, because the. Identity Service does not yet contain any users with administrative. Creating a user, tenant, and. Listing 8 shows an example of how to add a service and. Identity Service using the. Client. services. Client. endpoints. Creating a service and. Clients can use keystone to look up the endpoint URL. Open. Stack service. The API exposes this functionality through the. This method allows you to look up a service endpoint by its type. URL, internal. URL, admin. URL). Listing 9 demonstrates how to use the url. Querying for the glance endpoint in an. Python session. > > > import keystoneclient. I use version 1. 1 of the nova API. Python. bindings I use in this article are in the novaclient. Authenticating against the. You make requests against the nova- api endpoint by. You can retrieve a client that communicates with. API in two ways. Listing 1. Pass version as. argumentfrom novaclient import client as novaclient. Import version. directlyimport novaclient. Retrieve a list of VM instances in an. Python session. > > > import novaclient. Listing 1. 3 shows how to find an. Server. delete. method. Note that you must pass an. The example also uses the. Client. keypairs. Secure Shell. (SSH) public key at ~/. Finally, it uses the. Client. servers. get method to retrieve the current state of. Booting a new. instanceimport os. Use the. Client. floating. If the resulting list is empty, allocate. IP address by using the. Client. floating. Creating a floating IP. Listing 1. 6 shows an example that modifies the default. SSH (which runs on port 2. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) traffic. To do so, I use the. Client. security. Allowing port 2. 2 and ICMP in the. You can parse the console output to. One of the drawbacks of an Iaa. S cloud such as Open. Stack is that it doesn't. SSH host key checking. If you are logging in to an. IP address had been previously. Listing 1. 7. Error when host ID has. WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! Example SSH key output in. BEGIN SSH HOST KEY KEYS- -- -- . AAAAE2. Vj. ZHNh. LXNo. YTItbmlzd. HAy. NTYAAAAIbmlzd. HAy. NTYAAABBBDci. NMyzj. POM+. 1. Oyse. TWgkzw+M4. H2. Cch. G8da. RDHel. V3. OHETVd. I6. Wof. Nn. Sd. BJAw. Iois. RFPxyro. NGi. Vw= root@my- name. AAAAB3. Nza. C1yc. EAAAADAQABAAABAQDU8. Ndc. KMZTLCUej. MOZll. Qmmphr. 6V5. Aaz. F2+x. 2j. Xql. 5rq. KQ. d. 5/h. 6Od. Fszcp+gd. Te. Vtfg. G++/2. 98qod. Tem. VVrvqwjp. 4e. N8. 7i. Hvh. Px. H6. GDEev. AKl. Eed. 2ckd. Amgvz. I9rc. OYg. R/4. 6G9x. Iea. 0Idg. Nj. Mv. N1baj. 6WPtv+Hfcf. H/ZV5. 8G3. 06l. SJfbz/GVx. NTIx. W+Wg. 7ZQCAe. Wgm. 4o. Q+6. 6sco+7. Fub. 24. EPue. 3k. O8. jqufqq. 3m. Y5+MFlz. EHSX5. B0. 4io. G5. Alw/Juq. Vx. 5+7z. Ht. 9I2w. A3nzsy. Ud. Kt. CTrw. 8V4f. YEh. WDm. 53. WLOp. W+8. Ce. YCXuv+y. L. 7. Ejw. Lqh. IH/TUuz. GQi. Wm. FGvyz root@my- name. END SSH HOST KEY KEYS- -- -- Listing 1. Server. get. Extracting the SSH host key from the. Authenticating against the glance. The Open. Stack Image (glance) Python API has some minor. Compute API when doing the initial authentication. The. glance API depends on information that it must obtain from. API: The glance endpoint URLA keystone authentication token. Like the nova API, with the glance API, you can. API version as an argument or import the module directly. Listing. 2. 0 shows an example of how to authenticate against a glance. API. Authenticating with the glance. APIimport keystoneclient. Importing the glance module. Note that this method returns a generator, where. API return list. objects. Retrieve a list of VM. You need to use version 1 of the API to create an image. Python API bindings have not implemented the. Uploading an image to. Here are a few ways you can learn more about. APIs work. The official API documentation. The Open. Stack project maintains documentation for all of Open. Stack Python. APIs. All of the APIs have. Some of. the APIs have usage examples in the docs, and others don't. Introspect the APIOne of the best ways to learn about the APIs is to use them inside an. Python interpreter. The bpython interpreter as an. Python interpreter that displays valid method names as you type. Figure 1). The bpython automatic help display View image at full size. Examine the CLI source code. One of Python's strengths is its readability, and there's no better way to. API than to read the source code. The packages are all hosted on. For example, to get a copy of the. API source code, run the following command: git clone http: //github. Because the command- line clients are implemented using the API, each. For the novaclient API, the files of most interest are those. The command- line commands on the shell are implemented as. For example. nova flavor- list is implemented as the. Examine other apps that use the Python. APIs. Several other applications use the Open. Stack Python APIs. The Open. Stack. Dashboard communicates. Open. Stack services entirely using the Python APIs.
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